Everyone experiences anxiety at times – it’s your brain’s way of warning you of danger. However, if you experience a lot of it or it interferes with your life, you may have an anxiety disorder.
Anxiety disorders can be treated with medication and psychotherapy. These treatments can help you feel less anxious and fearful and improve your quality of life.
What is Anxiety?
Occasional anxiety is normal, but if you worry about something a lot and it interferes with your life, you may have an anxiety disorder. Symptoms include recurring intrusive thoughts and feelings, and physical changes like increased blood pressure, sweating, trembling, or dizziness.
Anxiety disorders are a result of faulty brain circuits that control fear and emotions. They can happen in response to a traumatic event, environmental stress, or a buildup of smaller stressful events over time.
People who have a family history of anxiety disorders are more likely to develop one themselves. They are also more likely to have other mental health problems, such as depression.
Medication and counseling can help with anxiety disorders. Treatment may also involve avoiding substances such as caffeine that can make symptoms worse or interfere with medications.
Psychotherapy (also called talk therapy) helps you understand how your feelings and behaviors affect your daily life and how to control them. A trained therapist will talk with you about your anxiety and fears and help you learn ways to manage them.
If you or a loved one has an anxiety disorder, it is important to seek treatment. Not getting the right treatment early can lead to serious problems.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Everyone worries from time to time, but people with a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) worry about a wide range of things over a long period of time. It’s different from occasional worry or anxiety due to a stressor such as a job interview, exam, or medical test.
GAD can be triggered by a number of things, such as a change in work or school, the death of a loved one, or a stressful event. Having a family history of mental health problems or personality disorders can also increase your chances of developing GAD.
Symptoms of GAD can include restlessness, extreme tiredness, trouble concentrating, irritability, increased muscle tension, and sleep problems. Medications and cognitive behavioral therapy can help ease your symptoms.
If you’ve been diagnosed with GAD, your doctor will start by asking you about your medical and psychiatric history. He or she may also ask you to get a physical exam.
Psychotherapy and medications are the main types of treatment used for GAD. Psychotherapy teaches you new ways to think about your worries and how to manage them. Other therapies include relaxation methods and exercise.
Panic Disorder
A person with panic disorder has recurring episodes of sudden, intense fear and physical symptoms. These attacks can be so severe that the individual has to avoid certain situations or places for fear of having another attack.
People with panic disorder also have a fear of having a heart attack, breathing problems or other medical issues. They may also experience feelings of unreality, detachment from the environment and avoidance of things they consider to be dangerous.
Panic disorders are more common in women than men and tend to develop between 20 and 24 years old. However, gender is not determined by age at birth; in some cases, people have characteristics of both sexes.
There are many treatments for panic disorder. They often include psychological therapy, medication, relaxation training and biofeedback.
Treatments can be effective if they are properly prescribed by your doctor. They will help you to understand and change your thinking patterns before they lead to an attack.
The best treatment for panic disorder is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). It involves regular sessions with a mental health professional. A course of 10 to 15 weekly sessions is usually enough to see long-term benefits.
Phobias
Phobias are defined by a persistent and excessive fear of an object or situation. They cause physical, mental and behavioral symptoms that interfere with everyday life.
Some phobias are specific to particular animals, objects or situations, while others may be less specific and broader. They can also be related to medical, environmental or social circumstances.
There are a number of treatment options for phobias, including medicine and therapy. Your doctor will work with you to find a treatment plan that’s right for you.
Often, the first step in treating your phobia is to find out what triggers it and why you fear that particular object or situation. Your doctor will likely ask questions about your family history and any other experiences that have influenced how you feel about the object or situation.
Your doctor can also help you develop coping skills. This might include learning to identify the thoughts that are causing you to fear and replacing them with more helpful ones.
Almost all phobias can be treated and cured. These treatments include desensitization, exposure therapy and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT).
Separation Anxiety
Separation anxiety is a fear of being alone, and it can happen to any child. When it happens, the child will cry and worry.
Most children go through this stage in their development between 6 and 18 months of age. This is a normal reaction to their developing attachment to you, and it will eventually fade away.
You can help your child deal with separation anxiety by letting them know that it will go away, and giving them opportunities to practice independence while you are gone. You can also encourage them to learn coping skills and discuss their feelings.
If your child has severe separation anxiety, you may want to talk with a mental health professional about treatment options. They may offer therapy or prescribe medication.
Your doctor might do a physical exam and take blood samples to confirm your child’s diagnosis. They will also watch you interact with your child to see if your parenting style affects how they deal with separation.
Social Anxiety Disorder
People with social anxiety disorder fear and avoid situations where they think others may judge them negatively or humiliate them. This can affect their ability to communicate in social settings, and result in a low quality of life.
In many cases, people with social anxiety disorder are at risk of developing depression or alcohol or drug use issues. They are also at increased risk of suicidal ideation and other mental health problems.
Social anxiety disorder is a very common disorder that affects many people, both men and women. It is usually diagnosed by a psychiatrist, psychologist, or clinical social worker and can be treated with psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both.
The most common characteristic of social anxiety disorder is constant, intense anxiety that doesn’t seem to go away. The person feels anxious in social situations and experiences distress or worry about these situations, even when there’s no real reason to be worried.
The main aim of therapy for social anxiety disorder is to help the person change negative thoughts or beliefs that trigger their social phobia. In addition, the person is taught how to face their fears in a gradual and systematic way instead of avoiding them.
Agoraphobia
Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder that causes people to avoid going out in public. It usually starts when a person experiences a stressful event, such as losing a job or a relationship ending. They then fear a wide range of situations and places.
They may avoid parking lots, elevators and crowds because they feel unsafe or fear experiencing a panic attack in these situations. They may also worry about being embarrassed in public.
Symptoms of agoraphobia can be difficult to control, but treatment is available. Psychotherapy, medication and relaxation training can all help you manage your symptoms.
A mental health professional will work with you to find the best course of treatment for you, based on your preferences and circumstances. They might recommend a combination of counselling or therapy, medication, relaxation training and self-help methods.
Your doctor will probably start by running a physical exam and testing to rule out other medical problems that might be the cause of your symptoms. They might also refer you to a psychiatrist or psychologist for further evaluation and treatment.
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